literarycriticismmap的簡(jiǎn)單介紹

求英國(guó)文學(xué):Literary Criticism名詞解釋，英文版，謝謝

Literary criticism is the study, discussion, evaluation, and interpretation of literature

批評(píng) 的英語(yǔ)是什么

批評(píng) 的英語(yǔ)是：criticism

criticism 讀法 英?['kr?t?s?z(?)m]??美?['kr?t?'s?z?m]

n. 批評(píng)；考證；苛求

短語(yǔ)：

1、literary criticism?n. 文藝評(píng)論

2、textual criticism??？保豢加?；版本鑒定

3、new criticism?新批評(píng)主義

4、adverse criticism?反向批評(píng)；逆向評(píng)論

5、criticism and praise?批評(píng)和贊揚(yáng)

擴(kuò)展資料

一、criticism的詞義辨析：

reproach, accuse, criticism, blame的區(qū)別：

1、reproach?責(zé)備，指責(zé)從個(gè)人感受出發(fā)責(zé)難別人，責(zé)難的內(nèi)容不一定正確，可能是吹毛求疵的話

2、accuse?指責(zé)，控告 用法be……of

3、criticism?批評(píng)，評(píng)論表示辨明某一個(gè)人的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)

4、blame?責(zé)備，批評(píng)以貶低他人的方式說(shuō)話，還表示批評(píng)

二、criticism的近義詞：accuse

accuse 讀法 英?[?'kju?z]??美?[?'kjuz]

1、vt. 控告，指控；譴責(zé)；歸咎于

2、vi. 指責(zé)；控告

短語(yǔ)：

accuse of?譴責(zé)，控告

例句：

1、Her assistant was accused of theft and fraud by the police.

她的助手被警方指控偷竊和詐騙。

2、He faced a total of seven charges, all accusing him of lying in his testimony.

他面臨共7項(xiàng)控告，都指控他作偽證。

魯迅簡(jiǎn)介（英文版)

1、LuXun(September25,1881-October19,1936),originallynamedZhouZhangshou,laterrenamedZhouShuren,thewordYushan,andlaterchangedtoYucai."LuXun"wasthepseudonymheusedwhenhepublishedtheDiaryofMadMenin1918,anditwasalsohismostinfluentialpseudonym.ZhejiangShaoxingpeople.

2、Famouslitterateur,thinker,importantparticipantofMay4thNewCultureMovement,founderofChinesemodernliterature.MaoZedongoncecommented:"LuXun'sdirection,isthedirectionofthenewcultureoftheChinesenation."

3、LuXunhasmadegreatcontributionsinmanyfields,suchasliterarycreation,literarycriticism,ideologicalresearch,literaryhistoryresearch,translation,theintroductionofarttheory,theintroductionofbasicscienceandthecollationandresearchofancientbooks.

4、HehadagreatinfluenceonthedevelopmentofChinesesocialideologyandcultureaftertheMay4thMovement,andbecamefamousintheworldliteraryworld,especiallyinKoreaandJapan,whichhadanextremelyimportantpositionandinfluenceinthefieldofideologyandculture.Knownasthe"20thcenturyEastAsianculturalmapofthelargestterritoryofthewriter."

對(duì)應(yīng)中文：

1、魯迅（1881年9月25日－1936年10月19日），原名周樟壽，后改名周樹人，字豫山，后改豫才，“魯迅”是他1918年發(fā)表《狂人日記》時(shí)所用的筆名，也是他影響最為廣泛的筆名，浙江紹興人。

2、著名文學(xué)家、思想家，五四新文化運(yùn)動(dòng)的重要參與者，中國(guó)現(xiàn)代文學(xué)的奠基人。毛澤東曾評(píng)價(jià)：“魯迅的方向，就是中華民族新文化的方向?！?/p>

3、魯迅一生在文學(xué)創(chuàng)作、文學(xué)批評(píng)、思想研究、文學(xué)史研究、翻譯、美術(shù)理論引進(jìn)、基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)介紹和古籍?？迸c研究等多個(gè)領(lǐng)域具有重大貢獻(xiàn)。

4、他對(duì)于五四運(yùn)動(dòng)以后的中國(guó)社會(huì)思想文化發(fā)展具有重大影響，蜚聲世界文壇，尤其在韓國(guó)、日本思想文化領(lǐng)域有極其重要的地位和影響，被譽(yù)為“二十世紀(jì)東亞文化地圖上占最大領(lǐng)土的作家”。

擴(kuò)展資料：

1、LuXunisaculturalgiantinthe20thcentury.Hehasmadegreatcontributionsinmanyfields,suchasnovels,prose,essays,woodcut,modernpoetry,old-stylepoetry,translationoffamousworks,collationofancientbooksandmodernlearning.

2、AsthegreatfounderofmodernChineseliterature,LuXuncreatedafewnovelstoestablishanewformofChinesenovels,andhisprose"showstheachievementsoftheliteraryrevolution".

3、Hisessays,whicharefullofmodernity,freedom,criticismandcombat,arethemostfrequentlyused"criticalweapons"bylaterwriters.HisessaysarealsowritteninChinesesociety,politics,history,law,religion,moralityandphilosophy.Literature,artandevenculturalpsychology,folknature,folkfeelings,folklore.EncyclopediaAlmostallChinesewritershavedevelopeddifferentliterarystylesonthebasisofLuXun.

4、Asatranslator,hetranslatedalargenumberofforeignliteraryworks,scientificandnaturalworkstoopenupthewisdomofthepeople,theintroductionofadvancedscientificandculturalthoughtmadeagreatcontribution.

5、Asanartenthusiast,LuXunintroducedalargenumberofWesternwoodcutandprintmakingworks,andsupportedyoungpeopletolearnwoodcutinspirit,theoryandspirit.Theartofwoodcutgreatlypromotedmodernwoodcut.ThespreadanddevelopmentofprintmakinginmodernChinahasmadeoutstandingcontributionstotheartcauseofmodernChina.

對(duì)應(yīng)中文：

1、魯迅是20世紀(jì)的文化巨人，他在小說(shuō)、散文、雜文、木刻、現(xiàn)代詩(shī)、舊體詩(shī)、名著翻譯、古籍?？焙同F(xiàn)代學(xué)術(shù)等多個(gè)領(lǐng)域都有巨大貢獻(xiàn)。

2、作為中國(guó)現(xiàn)代文學(xué)的偉大奠基者，魯迅創(chuàng)作的為數(shù)不多的小說(shuō)建立了中國(guó)小說(shuō)的新形式；他所創(chuàng)作散文更是“顯示了文學(xué)革命的實(shí)績(jī)”；

3、他的所開創(chuàng)的雜文文體富有現(xiàn)代性、自由性、批判性和戰(zhàn)斗性，是后世作家最常使用的“批判武器”，他所創(chuàng)作的雜文更是中國(guó)社會(huì)、政治、歷史、法律、宗教、道德、哲學(xué)、文學(xué)、藝術(shù)乃至文化心理、民性、民情、民俗??的百科全書。幾乎所有的中國(guó)作家都在魯迅開創(chuàng)的基礎(chǔ)上，發(fā)展了不同的方面的文學(xué)風(fēng)格體式。

4、作為翻譯家他大量的翻譯了外國(guó)的文學(xué)作品、科學(xué)自然作品為開啟民智，引入先進(jìn)的科學(xué)文化思想做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。

5、而作為美術(shù)愛好者魯迅大量引進(jìn)了西方木刻、版畫作品，并在精神、理論和精神等多方面支持青年人學(xué)習(xí)木刻、版畫藝術(shù)，極大的推進(jìn)了現(xiàn)代木刻、版畫在現(xiàn)代中國(guó)的傳播與發(fā)展，為現(xiàn)代中國(guó)的美術(shù)事業(yè)做出卓越的貢獻(xiàn)。

參考資料：魯迅－百度百科

參考資料：魯迅簡(jiǎn)介－百度翻譯

文藝青年用英語(yǔ)怎么說(shuō)

literary youth

英文發(fā)音：[?l?t?r?ri ju?θ]

中文釋義：文藝青年

例句：

According to Wu, Sodagreen is making the music of the literary youth.

據(jù)吳青峰介紹，蘇打綠正在打造專屬文藝青年的音樂(lè)。

詞匯解析：

1、literary

英文發(fā)音：[?l?t?r?ri]

中文釋義： adj.文學(xué)的;文學(xué)上的;適于文學(xué)作品的;有典型文學(xué)作品特征的;愛好文學(xué)的;從事文學(xué)研究(或?qū)懽?的

例句：

She has published more than 20 books including novels, poetry and literary criticism.

她已出版了包括小說(shuō)、詩(shī)歌和文學(xué)評(píng)論在內(nèi)的20多部著作。

2、youth

英文發(fā)音：[ju?θ]

中文釋義：n.青年時(shí)期(尤指成年以前);年輕;青春;朝氣;青年男子;小伙子

例句：

She has lost ( in) love of the beautiful youth.

她失去了那個(gè)美貌青年的愛。

擴(kuò)展資料

youth的用法：

1、youth的基本意思是“青少年時(shí)期”,也可指“青春”“活力”“朝氣”“血?dú)狻?是不可數(shù)名詞,作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能用單數(shù)形式。

2、youth還可作“青年人”解,指某個(gè)地區(qū)、國(guó)家或特定時(shí)期男女青年的總稱,是集合名詞,通常用作單數(shù)形式,其前常有定冠詞the修飾,其后多與介詞of連用。

3、youth作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式,有時(shí)也用單數(shù)形式。

4、youth也可作“青年男子,小伙子”解,是可數(shù)名詞。

criticism是什么意思

名詞，作名詞時(shí)意為“ 批評(píng)；考證；苛求”。

發(fā)音：英[?kr?t?s?z?m]美[?kr?t?s?z?m]

critic→crit＋ic 相關(guān)的→n.評(píng)論家、批評(píng)者

critical→crit＋ic 相關(guān)的＋al 形容詞→adj.批評(píng)的,、臨界的、危急緊要的

criticism→critic＋ism 行為→n.評(píng)論、批評(píng)

critique→critic＋ique 技術(shù)→n.批判、評(píng)論文章

criterion→crit＋er 執(zhí)行＋ion 動(dòng)作→n.準(zhǔn)則 (criterion 的復(fù)數(shù)形式是 criteria)

短語(yǔ)搭配

literary criticism文學(xué)批評(píng) ; 文藝評(píng)論 ; 文學(xué)評(píng)論 ; 文學(xué)批判

Media Criticism媒介批評(píng) ; 媒體批判 ; 媒體批評(píng) ; 傳媒批評(píng)

Feminist Criticism女權(quán)主義批評(píng) ; 女性主義批評(píng) ; 女性主義文學(xué)批評(píng)

objective criticism客觀批評(píng)

Music Criticism音樂(lè)批評(píng)

思想用英語(yǔ)怎么說(shuō)

思想，一般也稱“觀念”，也是關(guān)系著一個(gè)人的行為方式和情感 方法 的重要體現(xiàn)。那么你知道思想用英語(yǔ)怎么說(shuō)嗎?下面跟我一起學(xué)習(xí)思想的英語(yǔ)知識(shí)吧。

思想英語(yǔ)說(shuō)法

thought

idea

ideology

　 　思想的相關(guān) 短語(yǔ)

自由思想 Libre-pensée ; freethought

中心思想 main ideas ; Central idea ; The main idea ; controlling idea

思想改造 ideological remoulding ; thought reform ; ideological remolding

解放思想 free our minds ; emancipate our minds ; das Denken befreien

儒家思想 Confucianism ; Confucian thoughts ; Confucian ideas ; Confucianist thought

思想史 intellectual history ; history of thought ; History of Ideas ; Ideological History

思想庫(kù) think tank ; thinking bank ; the brain trust ; Policy Planning Staff

思想的英語(yǔ)例句

1. Professor Baker is unacquainted with the idea of representative democracy.

貝克教授并不熟悉“代議制民主”這一思想。

2. He is loathed by some of the more traditionally minded officers.

他為某些思想較守舊的官員所憎惡。

3. Her literary criticism focuses on the way great literature suggests ideas.

她的文學(xué)批評(píng)集中關(guān)注的是偉大的文學(xué)作品表達(dá)思想的方式。

4. Without continued learning, graduates will lose their intellectual vitality.

如果不繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)， 畢業(yè) 生就會(huì)失去思想上的活力。

5. The college has brought me into contact with western ideas.

上大學(xué)使我接觸了西方的思想。

6. She applauds the fact that they are promoting new ideas.

他們?cè)谛麄餍滤枷?，?duì)此她表示贊許。

7. Mainline feminism was arguing for the inherent beauty of the natural woman.

主流女權(quán)主義思想倡導(dǎo)女性天生的自然美。

8. He continues to insulate his country from the contagion of foreign ideas.

他繼續(xù)使本國(guó)遠(yuǎn)離外來(lái)思想的侵襲。

9. Her actions and thoughts became distorted. So did her behavior.

她的行動(dòng)和思想變得扭曲了，她的態(tài)度也是。

10. This served to hide the confusion and imprecision in their thinking.

這個(gè)被用來(lái)掩蓋他們思想的混亂和不準(zhǔn)確。

11. During the war his pacifist leanings were not helpful.

戰(zhàn)時(shí)他的和平主義思想派不上用場(chǎng)。

12. She is known to have liberal views on divorce and contraception.

眾所周知，她在離婚與避孕方面思想很開明。

13. Priestley's rational outlook in science carried over to religion.

普里斯特利在科學(xué)上的理性世界觀延伸到了宗教思想上。

14. He's trying to bring together various strands of radical philosophic thought.

他正試圖把各種激進(jìn)的哲學(xué)思想綜合在一起。

15. The interchange of ideas aids an understanding of family dynamics.

思想的交流有助于理解家庭動(dòng)態(tài)。

關(guān)于思想的英文閱讀：把思想轉(zhuǎn)移到另一個(gè)身體里這種事可能嗎

In the movie Self/Less,which hits theaters July 10th,Sir Ben Kingsley transfers his consciousness to Ryan Reynold's body in an effort to stay alive forever,and effectively become immortal in a process called'shedding'.

7月10日上映的電影《非我》 (又名換命法則)中，本.金斯利為了延續(xù)生命，將自己的意識(shí)轉(zhuǎn)移到了瑞恩.雷諾茲的身體中，這個(gè)幫他延長(zhǎng)壽命的過(guò)程叫“換命”。

Which sounds pretty awesome,I mean who wouldn't want more time to accomplish their dreams and goals in a younger body of your choice?Try being a professional athlete or solve the world's greatest problems.But is shedding actually plausible?Could you really be immortal in this way?

聽起來(lái)好像很厲害的樣子,誰(shuí)不希望有機(jī)會(huì)借用一具自己選擇的年輕肉體，獲得更多時(shí)間來(lái)完成夢(mèng)想和目標(biāo)?例如成為一個(gè)職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員或解決世界上最牛逼的難題。但這種“換命”有可能成真嗎?我們是否真的可以借這種方法獲得永生?

First,we need to understand how memories are stored.Your brain is a three-pound lump of fatty tissue that contains about 86 billion brain cells called neurons.By passing electricity or chemicals between them,neurons can send signals to each other.Most neuroscientists believe memory is stored as a network of neurons that form links with each other and all fire at the same time.

首先，我們得知道記憶的存儲(chǔ)方式。大腦是一塊重3磅的脂肪組織，其中含有約860億名為神經(jīng)元的腦細(xì)胞。通過(guò)傳遞電流和化學(xué)物質(zhì)，神經(jīng)元之間可以互相發(fā)送信號(hào)。神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)學(xué)家大多認(rèn)為記憶是以神經(jīng)元網(wǎng)絡(luò)的形式存儲(chǔ)的，當(dāng)神經(jīng)元彼此連接并且同時(shí)活動(dòng)時(shí)就形成了記憶。

Each time a memory is recalled,the same network of neurons fires together.In fact,scientists have shown that if you stimulate certain parts of the brain with electricity,you can cause an individual to recall certain memories-for example,the smell of burnt toast.So to download a memory,we could simply track which neurons are activated when you're thinking about it.

每次回憶時(shí)，同一個(gè)神經(jīng)元網(wǎng)絡(luò)就會(huì)同時(shí)發(fā)送信號(hào)，事實(shí)上，科學(xué)家已經(jīng)證明了，如果用電刺激大腦的特定部位，就能讓該個(gè)體回憶起特定的記憶，例如，面包烤焦的味道。因此，要下載記憶，我們只要在回憶時(shí)追蹤正在活動(dòng)的神經(jīng)元即可。

And,as we explained in a previous video,scientists have already done this.By using computers to match these patterns of firing neurons with real images or scenes,we can already read people's minds to a limited degree.Many scientists believe it should one day be possible to create a kind of map of all the neurons in the brain and the connections between them:this map would be called a "connectome."

正如之前其他視頻所介紹的，科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)著手進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)工作了。通過(guò)電腦模擬這些神經(jīng)元活動(dòng)的方式，生成真實(shí)的圖像或感覺，我們已經(jīng)能在一定程度上讀出人的思想了。許多科學(xué)家都相信有朝一日我們可以，組建出大腦中所有神經(jīng)元的地圖，并能隨意將它們連接在一起：這地圖可以命名為“連接體”。

Both the United States and the European Union have launched major research programs with this goal specifically in mind,much like the organizations in Self/Less.This task will likely take decades,but once it's done,scientists should be able to build a computer model of the connectome,a kind of virtual brain that would be able to send signals between neurons through artificial synapses.

美國(guó)和歐聯(lián)都已啟動(dòng)，有關(guān)這個(gè)目標(biāo)的重要研究項(xiàng)目，就像《非我》里的研究組織一樣。這個(gè)任務(wù)可能需要耗時(shí)數(shù)十年，一旦完成，科學(xué)家們就能建出連接體的電腦模型，一個(gè)能夠通過(guò)人造突觸，在神經(jīng)元之間傳遞信號(hào)的虛擬大腦。

So if downloading memories is possible,what about uploading? That too is becoming a reality thanks to a technique called optogenetics.This involves injecting specific neurons with DNA from algae that causes them to produce a light-sensitive protein on their cell surface.When light is shone into the brain,it stimulates the protein and activates only those neurons that express it.

如果下載記憶是可能的，那么上傳呢?由于一種名為光遺傳學(xué)的技術(shù)，上傳也可能實(shí)現(xiàn)。向特殊的神經(jīng)元中注入，藻類的DNA 讓它們可以，在細(xì)胞表面生成一種光敏蛋白質(zhì)。當(dāng)光照進(jìn)大腦時(shí)，會(huì)刺激該蛋白質(zhì)并且激活與之有關(guān)的那些神經(jīng)元。

In this way,scientists can artificially activate groups of neurons assoc'''iated with particular memories.All this may sound pretty scary,and may make you think that a scenario like that found in Self/Less can't be far off.But there a few reasons to relax.Our brains are unbelievably complex,perhaps too complex to copy.The number of synapse connections is a thousand times bigger than the number of stars in the Milky Way galaxy.

通過(guò)這種方式，科學(xué)家們可以人為激活，與特殊記憶有關(guān)的神經(jīng)元。這聽起來(lái)很可怕，甚至可能會(huì)讓你認(rèn)為《非我》中的那種情景很快就會(huì)成真。不過(guò)事情并沒那么簡(jiǎn)單。我們的大腦超級(jí)復(fù)雜，復(fù)雜到很可能根本無(wú)法復(fù)制。突觸間的連接方式，可能是銀行系中星星數(shù)量的100多倍。

On top of that,your brain is constantly remodeling itself,creating new connections and letting old ones expire.It's a reflection of who you are at this specific moment in time,and it took your entire lifetime to create.A copy of your mind would be just an imitation.And the second it started integreating new thoughts,memories and experiences,it would become someone else.

此外，大腦還在不停地自我重塑，建立新的關(guān)聯(lián)并且消亡舊的關(guān)聯(lián)。它是某個(gè)時(shí)間對(duì)你個(gè)人的一種即時(shí)映射，需要你用整個(gè)人生去塑造。思維復(fù)制得到的可能只是一件副本。從這個(gè)副本開始形成新的思想.記憶和經(jīng)歷的那一刻起，它就成了其他人。

Which in a way helps us appreciate how unique we truly are.But with increasingly sophisticated technology.who knows what the future may hold!Perhaps a world like Self/Less isn't too far away.

某種程度而言，這增加了我們的獨(dú)特性。隨著尖端科技的不斷發(fā)展，誰(shuí)知道未來(lái)會(huì)變成什么樣!沒準(zhǔn)不久后我們就會(huì)迎來(lái)《非我》的世界。

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